James Madison, the 4th President of the United States, ship’s certificate and legalized piracy in the Mediterranean region at the beginning of the 19th century in the story of Ph.D. Sergei Aleksandrovich Isaev, Acting Head of the Department of General History of St. Petersburg Institute of History of the Russian Academy of Sciences, on a rare archival document acquired by N.P. Likhachev for his collection in Germany or Austria.
